Everything about Rose Madder totally explained
Rose madder, sometimes referred to as
Rose Madder Genuine is the crushed root of the Common
Madder plant (
Rubia Tinctorium). The
ancient Egyptians used rose madder to create pinkish rose-colored
textile dyes. The
Color Index name used by
paint and
textile chemists for Rose Madder is Natural Red 9 (NR9)
It had limited use as an oil paint during the
Renaissance era because it was considered a weak
color. In the 19th century, chemists were able to manufacture a
pigment that made rose madder a stronger and more durable
oil paint. However, during the latter part of the 19th century,
alizarin crimson was created and was considered at the time to be a superior replacement to rose madder. It is the synthetic form of rose madder, and its Color Index name is Pigment Red 83 (PR83).
Alizarin Crimson was soon discovered by artists to be a perfect color on the palette, making beautiful
violets when mixed with
blue, and perfect blacks and neutrals when mixed with a dark green like
Viridian or
Pthalo Green.
Ironically, while both alizarin crimson and rose madder are now considered "
fugitive pigments or colors," genuine rose madder is now believed to be the more permanent of the two.
The term "genuine" is appended to the name "rose madder" if the paint has been manufactured by traditional means (using the root of the madder plant). The English manufacturer of oil paints
Winsor & Newton sells "Rose Madder Genuine". It is still used today by some artists, however it's considered by many to be "too fugitive".
Quinacridone rose is often used a substitute for rose madder. However, it's a far stronger color, with a more pure hue than the genuine Rose Madder, which makes it unpopular with some artists.
In an attempt to produce a color that closely approximates the color of rose madder or alizarin crimson with pigments that are more permanent, many manufacturers produce colors made of various mixtures under names such as Permanent Alizarin. Not all of these mixtures are more permanent than the original however. For example
Grumbacher manufactures a color called "rose madder hue" which is a mixture of
Arylide Yellow (PY3) and Dihydroxy
Anthraquinone Lake (PR83), which is simply an organic yellow mixed with Alizarin Crimson.
The relative weakness of rose madder limited its industrial uses mainly to textiles or artist's colors, but alizarin enjoyed widespread industrial use until the introduction of superior organic reds in this shade range started in the 1950s. By the beginning of the new millennium usage of rose madder and alizarin was in decline.
Rose Madder Genuine: Transparency Rating = 4 (high transparency); Stainability Rating = 0 (low); non-toxic.
External source:
Red Oil Paints
Popular Culture
Alizarin crimson is one of the colors listed by
Donovan in his song,
Wear Your Love Like Heaven.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Rose Madder'.
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